01. Why it is difficult for us to imagine a world without printed matter?
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02. What was the earliest kind of print technology developed in China, Japan, and Korea?
The earliest kind of print technology was hand printing, where books were printed by rubbing paper against the inked surface of woodblocks.
03. Why was the imperial state in China a major producer of printed material?
The imperial state was a major producer of printed material because it needed to print textbooks for the civil service examinations, which were produced in large quantities to support the huge bureaucratic system.
04. How did the uses of print diversify by the seventeenth century in China?
By the seventeenth century, print began to be used by merchants for trade information, and reading became a leisure activity, with readers preferring fictional narratives, poetry, autobiographies, and plays.
05. How did the role of women in the print culture evolve during this time in China?
Many women, including wives of scholar-officials and courtesans, began reading and publishing their works, such as poetry and plays.
06. What impact did Western powers have on print technology in China in the late nineteenth century?
Western powers brought Western printing techniques and mechanical presses to China, leading to a shift from hand printing to mechanical printing, with Shanghai becoming the hub of the new print culture.
07. What kinds of literary works did the new readership in seventeenth-century China prefer?
The new readership preferred fictional narratives, poetry, autobiographies, anthologies of literary masterpieces, and romantic plays.
08. What was depicted in the illustrated collections of paintings in Edo during the late eighteenth century?
The illustrated collections depicted elegant urban culture, including artists, courtesans, and teahouse gatherings.
09. Who was Kitagawa Utamaro, and what art form was he known for?
Kitagawa Utamaro was an artist born in Edo in 1753, known for his contributions to the art form called ukiyo, which depicted ordinary human experiences, particularly urban life.
10. What does the term ‘Ukiyo’ refer to in Japanese art?
‘Ukiyo’ refers to "pictures of the floating world," an art form that focused on the depiction of ordinary human experiences, especially in urban settings.
11. What city is referred to as Edo today, and why was it significant in the late eighteenth century?
Edo is known today as Tokyo, and it was significant in the late eighteenth century for its flourishing urban culture and publishing practices.
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